Tinnitus
Tinnitus, ringing in the ear, the annoying constant noise in the head. Scientists define it as ‘a perception of sound without corresponding acoustic or mechanical correlates in the cochlea’. In other words, tinnitus is a perception of sound in the absence of an actual external sound. Thankfully, it’s not a serious health disorder but it can be one of the most distressing ear problems, causing various physical and psychological disorders that interfere with the quality of life.
It is difficult to describe the sound of tinnitus through language. The sound varies; some people may hear it as a hissing sound, others like a tea kettle whistling, or a sort of electricity noise, or even as humming.
Sound waves travel from outside through the outer ear to the ear canal, and from there to the middle and inner ear. There are tiny delicate hairs in your inner ear which move according to the pressure of sound waves and help transform sound waves into electrical signals. These signals then travel to the brain’s auditory cortex via the auditory nerve. When hair cells are damaged, that is, bent or broken, they can leak electrical impulses to the brain. So, the brain doesn’t receive the signals it is expecting. This stimulates abnormal activity in the neurons, which results in the illusion of sound, or tinnitus.
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